This readme file was generated on [2024-09-24] by [Edward Levin] ------------------- GENERAL INFORMATION ------------------- Title of Dataset: Developmental exposure of rats to the flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate, causes long-lasting neurobehavioral and neurochemical dysfunction Author Contact Information (Name, Institution, Email, ORCID) Principal Investigator: Edward D. Levin Institution: Duke University Email: edlevin@duke.edu ORCID: 0000-0002-5060-9602 *Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date): 20190701-20201231 *Geographic location of data collection (if applicable): Duke University, Durham, NC, USA *Funding and grant numbers (if applicable): Duke University Superfund Research Center ES010356 Abstract of Primary Manuscript (Hawkey et al): Background: Human exposures to organophosphate flame retardants result from their use as additives in numerous consumer products. These agents are replacements for brominated flame retardants but have not yet faced similar scrutiny for developmental neurotoxicity. We examined a representative organophosphate flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and its potential effects on behavioral development and dopaminergic function. Methods: Female Sprague–Dawley rats were given low doses of TPP (16 or 32 mg/kg/day) via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps, begun preconception and continued into the early postnatal period. Offspring were administered a battery of behavioral tests from adolescence into adulthood, and littermates were used to evaluate dopaminergic synaptic function. Results: Offspring with TPP exposures showed increased latency to begin eating in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, impaired object recognition memory, impaired choice accuracy in the visual signal detection test, and sex-selective effects on locomotor activity in adolescence (males) but not adulthood. Male, but not female, offspring showed marked increases in dopamine utilization in the striatum, evidenced by an increase in the ratio of the primary dopamine metabolite (3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) relative to dopamine levels. Conclusions: These results indicate that TPP has adverse effects that are similar in some respects to those of organophosphate pesticides, which were restricted because of their developmental neurotoxicity. -------------------- DATA & FILE OVERVIEW -------------------- File list: Rat-TPP-behavioral-Data.csv; behavioral data TPP_DOPACDA-Slotkin.csv; neurochemical data TPP_NE-Slotkin.csv; neurochemical data DataDictionary_Rat-TPP.csv; data dictionary for all files -------------------------- METHODOLOGICAL INFORMATION -------------------------- Description of methods used for collection/generation of data: Female Sprague–Dawley rats were given low doses of TPP (16 or 32 mg/kg/day) via subcutaneous osmotic minipumps, begun preconception and continued into the early postnatal period. Offspring were administered a battery of behavioral tests from adolescence into adulthood, and littermates were used to evaluate dopaminergic synaptic function. More detailed information is in methods section of the published article: https://doi.org/10.1002/bdr2.2125 *Environmental/experimental conditions: Animals were kept on a 12/12 reversed day:light cycle and provided with ad libitum access to food/water throughout breeding and early offspring development. All surgical, husbandry and testing procedures were conducted in accordance with a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Duke University. The animal protocol approval number is A253-19-11 and the facility is AAALAC approved. -------------------------- DATA-SPECIFIC INFORMATION -------------------------- Variable/field list: see DataDictionary_Rat-TPP.csv Value/attribute list: see DataDictionary_Rat-TPP.csv Missing data treatments (null, -99, na, etc.) Empty cell The missing data (empty cells) for the attentional test (Rat-TPP-behavioral-Data.csv) are missing because a few of the rats did not complete behavioral conditioning necessary to proceed with the test. The missing data (empty cells) for the neurochemistry (data files denoted Slotkin) were due to samples not being available for analysis. ------------------------- USE and ACCESS INFORMATION -------------------------- Data License: CC-BY Other Rights Information: n/a To cite the data: Levin, E. (2024). Data from: Developmental exposure of rats to the flame retardant, triphenyl phosphate, causes long-lasting neurobehavioral and neurochemical dysfunction. Duke Research Data Repository. https://doi.org/10.7924/r42234r4z