Data from: Nasal immunization with mast cell activating adjuvants is an effective alternative vaccine strategy compared to injected alum-adjuvanted vaccines for induction of systemic and mucosal immunity to pertussis immunogens.
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Pertussis, commonly referred to as whooping cough, is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis). Until vaccines were developed to combat this pathogen, pertussis was responsible for up to 4.5 out of 1000 childhood deaths in the United States. Natural exposure to B. pertussis induces Th1, Th17, and IgA immunity and protects against pertussis reinfection for up to 20 years. Although vaccination against B. pertussis is an effective strategy to combat infection, there are limitations associated with current pertussis vaccines. One limitation is that current pertussis vaccines are formulated with alum adjuvant and administered by parenteral injection, which induces strong systemic antibody responses but weak antibody responses in mucosal tissues, which are the locations of B. pertussis infections. Another limitation of pertussis vaccines is the current use of acellular pertussis vaccines. Early pertussis vaccines were developed using inactivated whole-cell B. pertussis that induced a Th1 response similar to a natural infection. Due to severe adverse reactions associated with whole-cell pertussis vaccines, less reactogenic acellular pertussis vaccines were developed but immunity induced by acellular pertussis vaccines may rapidly wane and increase susceptibility to infection. Next-generation pertussis vaccines that induce immunity, which mimics natural infection, without adverse reactions, may be more desirable than current pertussis vaccines. This study compared the immunogenicity of nasal immunization with a mast cell activating vaccine adjuvant, Compound 48/80, to parenteral immunization with an aluminum adjuvant using an acellular pertussis subunit immunogen in BALB/c mice. Nasal immunization with Compound 48/80 induced superior mucosal IgA but comparable serum antibody and T helper type 2 responses to injected alum-adjuvanted vaccines. Despite induction of mucosal IgA responses, nasal Compound 48/80 vaccines did not induce Th1 and Th17 responses. Therefore, this study also evaluated adjuvant combinations containing Compound 48/80 and toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands for the ability to induce Th1 and Th17 immunity while maintaining potent mucosal IgA responses. The combination of Compound 48/80 and toll-like receptor ligands induced mucosal IgA immunity and enhanced Th1 and Th17 immunity compared to aluminum-adjuvanted injected vaccines. The results from this study suggest nasal subunit pertussis vaccines containing Compound 48/80 and TLR ligand combination adjuvants may be an effective strategy to induce desirable immunity in next-generation acellular pertussis vaccines.... [Read More]
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Data Citation
Hofmann Church, A., Abraham, S., Staats, H., Johnson-Weaver, B. (2023). Data from: Nasal immunization with mast cell activating adjuvants is an effective alternative vaccine strategy compared to injected alum-adjuvanted vaccines for induction of systemic and mucosal immunity to pertussis immunogens. Duke Research Data Repository. https://doi.org/10.7924/r4q52sp2h
Data from: Nasal immunization with mast cell activating adjuvants is an effective alternative vaccine strategy compared to injected alum-adjuvanted vaccines for induction of systemic and mucosal immunity to pertussis immunogens.
